Thalassemia is subdivided into α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia, depending on the underlying genetic mutation and affected globin-chain subunits within the hemoglobin tetramer. The α-thalassemias have ...

Exagamglogene autotemcel (exa-cel) is a nonviral cell therapy designed to reactivate fetal hemoglobin synthesis through ex vivo clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–Cas9 ...

Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) has emerged as a pivotal tool in microbial biotechnology, offering a novel means of enhancing oxygen utilisation in a range of biological systems. Owing to its high ...

Heme is a coordination complex consisting of a porphyrin ring surrounding a single ferrous (Fe 2+) or ferric (Fe 3+) ion, able to bond with diatomic oxygen and transport it around the body. Four heme ...