Douglas A. Howard stresses the crucial role of the Ottoman sultans and their extended household, discusses the evolution of the empire's fiscal model, and analyzes favorite works of Ottoman literature ...

Population surveillance. The carrying of identification while traveling. Add to that the public presence of diverse religions and it sounds like 2025, but this was life in the Ottoman Empire 200 years ...

King's College London provides funding as a member of The Conversation UK. For centuries empires were the dominant form of political organisation. In the west there is some degree of familiarity with ...

The "Sick Man of Europe" label, originating with the 19th-century Ottoman Empire, described nations in decline due to political, economic, and social issues. The Ottoman Empire faced military defeats, ...